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overview
CVE-2025-30391 is a high-severity information disclosure vulnerability within Microsoft Dynamics. The root cause is improper input validation, enabling an unauthorized remote attacker to access sensitive information over the network without authentication. Attackers exploit the lack of robust input checks by crafting malicious requests, which can bypass security controls and return confidential data.
Potential Impact: - Exposure of confidential business information, customer records, or other sensitive data managed by Microsoft Dynamics. - Increased risk of secondary attacks, including social engineering, phishing, or privilege escalation using the exfiltrated information. - Significant compliance and privacy concerns for organizations governed by stringent data protection regulations.
Exploitation Method: Attackers can remotely send specially crafted requests to unpatched Dynamics instances. Due to insufficient validation, these requests bypass defenses and trigger unauthorized data disclosures, all without requiring user credentials.
Recommendation:
Organizations running Microsoft Dynamics should urgently apply the January 2025 security update and review access logs for signs of anomalous data access.
No known IOCs currently exist for CVE-2025-30391. To date, neither CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog nor the NIST National Vulnerability Database has published IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or other artifacts linked to real-world exploitation of this vulnerability.
Avertium maintains vigilance and will disclose relevant IOCs if they become available. For ongoing updates and to learn how Avertium can help enhance your organization’s protection, contact your Avertium Service Delivery Manager or Account Executive.
Based on the technical nature of CVE-2025-30391, the following MITRE ATT&CK Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTPs) are most relevant to its exploitation:
Tactic |
Technique ID |
Technique Name |
Relevance to CVE-2025-30391 |
Initial Access |
T1190 |
Exploit Public-Facing Application |
Attackers exploit vulnerable Dynamics instances remotely via crafted requests. |
Collection |
T1213 |
Data from Information Repositories |
Attackers leverage input validation flaws to retrieve sensitive records. |
Exfiltration |
T1041 |
Exfiltration Over C2 Channel |
Exfiltration of obtained data over the network, possibly using automated scripts. |
Brief Explanations: - T1190 – Exploit Public-Facing Application: Attackers exploit improper input validation by sending malicious network requests to exposed Dynamics services, gaining access without credentials. - T1213 – Data from Information Repositories: Once inside, attackers collect sensitive data, configurations, and records from Dynamics systems via manipulated requests. - T1041 – Exfiltration Over C2 Channel: Attackers transfer acquired data out of the environment, often over the same communication channels used for exploitation.
No current evidence ties this CVE to privilege escalation, persistence, or lateral movement, as its effects are limited to unauthorized information disclosure. Updates to TTP mappings may be necessary as more exploit patterns emerge.
CVE-2025-30391 carries a CVSS rating of 8.1, underscoring its significant risk. Organizations are urged to take the following mitigation and defense steps:
Avertium provides a range of specialized security services to address vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-30391 and strengthen overall risk management:
Managed SIEM for Microsoft Sentinel
Comprehensive "Assess, Design, Protect" Approach
Avertium’s tailored methodology and depth of Microsoft expertise provide organizations with effective mitigation for this specific vulnerability while enhancing their broader security posture and future resilience.
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